Advanced idgham & assimilation
المتماثلان والمتجانسان والمتقاربان
Mutamathilayn, mutajanisayn and mutaqaribayn — how neighbouring letters merge.
Mutamathilayn — identical
Two identical letters, the first sākin: they merge into one with shaddah, as in ٱضْرِب بِّعَصَاكَ.
Mutajanisayn — same exit
Different letters sharing one makhraj: ت into د (أَثْقَلَت دَّعَوَا), د into ت (قَد تَّبَيَّنَ), ظ into ث, ط into ت (partial — the isti'la remains).
Mutaqaribayn — close exits
Letters with neighbouring exits, such as ل into ر (قُل رَّبِّ) and ق into ك (أَلَمْ نَخْلُقكُّم).
Examples
قُل رَّبِّ
qur-rabbi
Mutaqaribayn — the lam disappears fully into the ra.
قَد تَّبَيَّنَ
qat-tabayyana
Mutajanisayn — د merges into ت, both from the tongue-tip region.
Interactive practice
Complete merge of د into ت without a trace of the original letter.
قَد تَّبَيَّنَ ٱلرُّشْدُ مِنَ ٱلْغَىِّ
qat-tabayyana-r-rushdu mina-l-ghayy · Al-Baqarah 2:256
Quiz
1. قُل رَّبِّ is an example of…
2. Idgham mutamathilayn joins…
Lesson status
Quiz —% · Pronunciation —% · pass mark 80% on both.